Belonging To God: The Church
teacher's guide Lesson 1

Lesson One

The Church in the First Century: The Concept

Text: Matthew 16:17-19

When we use the word church today, many (in some regions most) people think, “That is the place Christians go on Sunday.”  If we are fortunate, those people have a neutral impression of the church—they do not regard Christians as being good or bad.  It is fortunate because there are no negative images to be faced before the gospel is shared with them. If we are very fortunate, those people have a good impression of the church—they regard Christians as a blessing to the community at large.  Unfortunately, many people have a negative view of the church and Christians who attend churches—many Christians would be shocked to hear how negatively they are regarded by many average, non-religious people.

 

When we seek to evangelize people today, it is essential that those people know what we say and what we mean.  When we evangelize, we do not speak to us to reassure ourselves of our foundation convictions, but we speak to those outside of Jesus Christ to share the hope Jesus Christ brought to all people.  We do not seek to use words that are not understood or are considered negative concepts.

 

The easiest thing for Christians to do is to react to what they regard as unjust criticism.  Our basic reaction is some form of this:  “How dare we be regarded as a negative influence in the community?  How can anyone look at all we do as the church, and view Christians negatively?”

 

Reacting to the existence of the problem does not solve the problem.  Since we are inviting to Jesus Christ, the responsibility is ours to address the need to be understood.

 

Do you like everyone who is a Christian?  Honestly?  Do you differentiate between good and bad Christians?  On what basis?  Do you regard some church arguments as petty?  Why?  Do you abhor Christians that act one way in church and quite another outside the assembly?  Can you sensibly follow all the different rules that exist from one church (congregation) to another?  If such matters are problems for Christians in the church, why would we think such is not even more confusing for those who have been without spiritual influence for at least two generations?  Do you realize how many teens and adults can say, “To find a person who regularly attended church in my family, you have to go beyond my grandparents.”

 

We understand our vocabulary, and we still are often confused.  If we have problems, why should it surprise us that the people with little religious background do not understand us?

 

Consider what non-religious people see on a too common basis.  They see priests sexually molesting children.  They see televangelists assuring people their souls will be saved if they will send money.  They hear preachers say people can receive healing if they will give generously.  They are assured the gospel is the avenue to wealth for the poor. They see divisions of congregations.  They hear people who go to church creatively ask the non-religious to bail the church out of a financial crisis. They see Christians who regard church affairs as business opportunities.

 

We commonly are hurt because of the negative view of Christianity the press frequently attributes to people who live by faith in Jesus Christ.  It is also true that those who profess faith in Jesus Christ provide the press with too many negative actions to report.  Those people who have only reports from public communications to provide “news” hear too many reports about the bad actions of people who declare faith in Jesus Christ.

 

Yes, we Christians know all Christians are not like that.  Yet, those are some of the things the non-religious see and hear.  Consider some things Christians need to realize: (a) If salvation is for the troubled, salvation will be a messy affair.  It will never be a nice, clean, clear contrast effort.  Spirituality is a growth and maturing process that never stops.  (b) The ultimate expressions of good never reside in people.  They always reside in the Lord Jesus Christ and God the Father (who Christ represents). (c) Human failures are human failures, not divine failures.  (d) Christian goals in our dedication to holy lifestyles are an unachievable commitment given by God, not a human accomplishment.  (e) Though we seek human perfection in Christ, the person who considers self perfect will be a great spiritual disappointment.  (f) Pretended humility is not a virtue.

 

Sometimes we forget that a wealthy man who wanted salvation left Jesus in grief (Matthew 19:22), many disciples deserted Jesus (John 6:66), Judas betrayed Jesus (John 13:30), the religiously elite were behind Jesus’ crucifixion (Matthew 27:11-20), a lie was used to explain Jesus’ resurrection (Matthew 28:11-15), Demas [an evangelist] deserted Paul (2 Timothy 4:10), and Paul acted violently against Christians before being a Christian apostle (1 Timothy 1:12-14). Can you imagine how today’s public communication systems would have reacted to those reports?  If that was all a non-religious person heard about Christianity, what would the non-religious person think?

 

Christians need to exercise thoughtful care in presenting the gospel to people with no religious background (they surely need hope in Christ, but we need to be careful about the promises we make for God and the spiritual expectations we generate).  We need to be certain we present Jesus Christ as God’s message, not our human religious views and desires.  Christians need to exercise great care not to give non-religious people wrong impressions or incorrect expectations.

 

The basic objective of presenting the gospel to people who are not Christians is to promote faith in and acceptance of Jesus Christ.  At times Christians forget that objective.  Presenting the gospel is not about defending us, but about promoting Jesus.  We as Christians can become so focused on defending ourselves we have no time to present Jesus.

 

We have entered a period of two distinct spiritual needs.  (a) We need to promote spiritual growth and development among those who have accepted Jesus Christ [edification].  (b)  We need to be understandable as we attract those out of Jesus Christ to Jesus Christ [evangelism].  Those are not the same thing. Those who come to Christ are expected to develop in Christ.  In the New Testament, there are more letters that focus on Christian growth than letters that focus on evangelism.  (That is NOT to suggest that evangelism is unimportant, but to declare that the spiritual maturing of Christians is a valid, divine concern.  Churches filled with spiritual infants do not achieve God’s purposes in Jesus Christ.)

 

Christians need to understand and remember that Christianity is about both evangelism and edification.  Jesus Christ seeks to save the lost and to spiritually mature the saved.  These two things are not God’s enemies, but the two are companions dedicated to God’s purposes in Jesus Christ.

 

It is amazing to honestly examine the vocabulary of the church today.  Consider just a few words: church; salvation; sin; holy; sanctification; redemption, baptism; Christian . . . whatever.  How many of those words are used in a non-Christian context?  Just consider the word church.  “That is a lovely church.”  “The church is located at such and such address.”  “They are members of a fabulous church.”  “I invited six people to attend church with me.”  Then there are phrases like “going to church; the church disillusioned me; you need to make the church aware of the need; communication in the church; church appointments; etc.

 

The specialized vocabulary of Christians commonly communicates only with those already who know and understand our concepts.  Unfortunately, we often speak only to ourselves. Those who are unfamiliar with the Bible or our concepts do not understand what we are saying or what we are talking about.

 

So what is the church? A building? A street address? A place? A civic organization? An economic opportunity?  A people?  Or, is it merely a part of the unique Christian vocabulary?  Without a lengthy discussion on the biblical concept of one church, can you see how confusing the situation is for a non-religious person who is not a Christian, has no desire to be a Christian, and comes from a non-religious background? 

 

We think everyone understands the basic concept of the word “church.”  Few Christians realize how confusing that word and many other words are to people with no religious background. 

 

The primary usage of church in scripture referred to a people who came to Jesus Christ to adopt the lifestyle and values he taught.  The word church is a translation of the Greek word ekklesia.  It was a common word with a common meaning that was used in everyday situations.  It simply meant “the called out.”  Thus, anytime people were “called out” of the general population to serve a special purpose or function they could be called church.  There is indication of this common usage in scripture when the Israelites leaving Egypt were referred to as “the church in the wilderness” (Acts 7:38, KJV—most English translations translate ekklesia in that location as congregation or assembly).

 

Most of the words used in what we know as The New Testament were a part of the common language of the first century. These words were transported into the writings of scripture from typical use in daily language.  Even most of the writings we know as The New Testament came from what is known as koine (common) Greek.  Koine Greek was the “everyday” language of people who spoke Greek.  The message was not intended to be mysterious and veiled.  Quite the opposite! It was intended to be understood and familiar.  It was not a “specialized religious” language intended for only the religiously elite, but it was a common language intended for the “man on the street.”

 

Basically, church in the New Testament referred to people who accepted the Lord Jesus Christ as the Son of God and wished to live in him by his values as they pursued God’s will.

 

“Church” was not a word invented for The New Testament books of the Bible intended to describe Christians. “Church” could be any group called out to serve a special purpose, whether political, economic, or religious (idolatrous).  Christians were “church” because they were “called out” from society’s values to serve God by incorporating God’s values in their lifestyle.  They were “called out” to be and to act like God’s people devoted to God’s purposes revealed through Jesus Christ.

 

 

For Thought and Discussion

 

1. Discuss the word church as a negative, neutral, or positive word.

 

The discussion should include this awareness:

  1. Negative—bad impressions of Christians held by people with no religious background.
  2. Neutral—Christians are not regarded to be good or bad by people with no religious background.
  3. Positive—Christians are seen as “good people” by people with no religious background.

 

2. What do non-religious people see or hear on a too common basis?

 

Non-religious people hear reports of evil things done by people who declare they believe in and represent Jesus Christ.

 

3. List the six things that Christians need to realize (as given in this lesson).

 

  1. If salvation is for the troubled, salvation will be a messy affair.
  2. The ultimate expressions of good never reside in people.  Those expressions always reside in God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ (Christ represents God the Father).
  3. Human failures are human failures, not divine failures.
  4. Christian goals in our dedication to holy lifestyles are an unachievable commitment given by God; they are not a human accomplishment.
  5. Though we seek human perfection in Christ, the person who considers self perfect will be a great spiritual disappointment.
  6. Pretended humility is not a virtue.

 

4. Discuss the care Christians should consider in presenting the gospel to people with little religious background.

 

The discussion should include the awareness that the promises we make for God and the expectations we generate are critical to developing the person’s spirituality.

 

5. Give two distinct spiritual needs.  Why are both needs essential?

 

  1. Edification—the promotion of spiritual growth and development among those who accept Jesus Christ.
  2. Evangelism—the need to be understandable to those we attract people to Jesus Christ.

 

Both are devoted to accomplishing God’s purposes in Jesus Christ.

 

6. Use the word church to illustrate the confusion the Christian vocabulary can create among non-religious people.

 

The illustration should focus on the multiple ways the word church is used today.

 

7. In the New Testament, what did the word church typically mean?

 

Church typically referred to people—the people who accepted the Lord Jesus Christ as God’s Son and devoted themselves to living by God’s values as they pursued God’s will.


Link to Student Guide Lesson 1

Copyright © 2009
David Chadwell & West-Ark Church of Christ

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