Spiritual Success or Distress?
teacher's guide Quarter 4, Lesson 3

Lesson Three

Stewardship:
The Highest Form of Service

Texts: Luke 12:42-48; 16:1-13; 1 Peter 4:10

The objective of this lesson: to expand the student's understanding of the role and work of a steward.

Suggestion: use an approach that means the most to you as the teacher to explain or illustrate the importance of understanding an illustration Jesus used before seeking to understand the point Jesus made.

At times a powerful, essential teaching of Jesus is based on an illustration foreign to the American culture. In our study we stressed that servants (as they existed in Jesus' day) do not exist in American society. To understand Jesus' teachings concerning servitude, we did three things. First, we understood that Jesus was born to be a servant. Second, we understood that God expects us to become servants. Third, we learned from the servant Jesus what God expects of us as servants.

When Jesus used servants to illustrate a teaching, Jewish listeners understood his illustration instantly. That does not happen when we listen to Jesus. Before we understand his lesson, we first must understand his illustration.

Jesus expects us to be God's servants. Jesus also wants us to aspire to the highest level of servitude. He wants us to be servants who function as stewards. Our concept of a steward may be too simple: a steward is a responsible, capable servant who is trusted by his master. When our grasp of stewardship is limited to that simple understanding, we miss the depth and significance of being God's steward. This lesson's objective is to expand our understanding of the role and work of a steward.

Read Luke 12:42-48. Carefully note the context of this parable. A man asked Jesus to order a brother to divide the family inheritance. Jesus warned against greed by teaching the parable of the rich fool. He told his audience not to reduce life's meaning and concerns to physical survival. He urged them to live with the alertness that quickly perceived God's actions. Peter asked, "Are you talking to us (the twelve) or to everyone?" Jesus then gave this parable. In this lesson, focus on understanding a steward's life and role.

  1. What character attributes convinced the master to make this servant a steward (verse 42)?

    This steward was faithful (responsible, dependable, trustworthy) and sensible (was guided by good judgment rather than by impulsive reactions).

  2. Over whom was the steward in charge (verse 42)?

    The master placed him in charge of the other servants.

  3. What was this steward's specific responsibility (verse 42)?

    His specific responsibility was to see that the other servants received their rations at the proper time.

  4. How could this slave receive an even greater blessing from his master (verse 43)? What does that mean?

    The steward would receive greater opportunity if the master found the steward responsibly caring for his tasks upon the master's unexpected return. That means the steward was as conscientious about his work and responsibilities in his master's absence as he was in his master's presence.

  5. If he functioned responsibly in giving the other slaves their rations, what would the master do (verse 44)?

    When the steward demonstrated that he was conscientious and dependable, the master would place the steward in charge of all the master owned.

  6. How could this slave/steward be foolish (verse 45)?

    He could be foolish by saying to himself, "My master will not be back for a long time." In that conviction, he could begin to behave irresponsibly and live in an untrustworthy manner. Abusing the slaves and indulging himself would be extremely foolish.

  7. If he behaved foolishly, what would happen (verse 46)?

    The master would return unexpectedly, find him acting irresponsibly, and punish him severely.

  8. What happened to stewards who deliberately, knowingly failed to be responsible in their stewardship (verse 47)?

    Such stewards would be punished more severely because their inappropriate, irresponsible behavior was deliberate. They knowingly, deliberately refused to care properly for the trust the master committed to them.

  9. What happened to stewards who ignorantly failed to be responsible in their stewardship (verse 48)?

    Such stewards would be punished less severely because their irresponsible conduct was not a matter of defiance.

  10. What is the basic principle of stewardship (verse 48)?

    Much is expected from the person to whom much had been entrusted. The most is expected from the person to whom the most was entrusted.

Read Luke 16:1-13. The context is significant. Luke 15 taught several lessons on the nature and importance of repentance. Luke 15 closes with a parable about a prodigal son, his father, and his older brother. Luke 15 and Luke 16:1-13 deal with the essential subject of repentance. This section begins and ends with the Pharisees' reactions.

  1. What report did the rich man receive concerning his steward (verse 1)?

    The rich man received the report that his steward used his possessions in an irresponsible, wasteful manner.

  2. What message did the rich man send his steward (verse 2)?

    The steward would have to give an account (be the subject of an audit) of how he had used the rich man's possessions. The rich man fully expected to find the steward guilty of irresponsibility and wastefulness. After the accounting (audit), the steward would lose his position.

  3. What honest assessment did the steward make of his situation (verse 3)? Was he honest with himself about his current situation?

    The steward knew the audit would reveal that he had been irresponsible and wasteful. He knew he would lose his position. He knew that he could not do the manual labor of a slave who worked as a field hand, and that he could not endure the humiliation of begging. He was quite honest about his situation.

  4. What was his decision (verses 4-7)? Explain his actions and his objective. Did he have the power to do this?

    He decided that he would obligate all his master's debtors to him. Everyone who owed the master money for goods would receive a major reduction in their bill. In that way, they would be indebted (in large amounts!) to the steward. He would significantly reduce the bills of those who owed major sums to his master. He would do this in person. Therefore, when the steward was released from his position, these people would be obligated to the steward. At this moment, he definitely had the power to follow through on his plan.

  5. Five points of application are made in verses 9-13. State each point.

    1. The point in verse 9: Use the physical wealth and goods to expand your relationship with God. Use earthly goods to position yourself to receive eternal realities.

    2. The point in verse 10: If you are dependable and trustworthy in small matters, you will be dependable and trustworthy in large matters. However, a failure to be dependable and trustworthy in small considerations is evidence that you will fail to be dependable and trustworthy in important considerations.

    3. The point in verse 11: If you cannot use material things of this world in a manner that is trustworthy to God's purposes, why should God entrust you with true riches (those things of eternal significance)?

    4. The point in verse 12: If we, as servants and stewards, cannot responsibly handle things that belong to someone else, why should we, as servants, expect to be given something that is our own? If we are wasteful with one, we will be wasteful with the other.

    5. The point in verse 13: We cannot serve two masters. We cannot be controlled by the material wealth of this world and by God at the same time. It is an impossibility.

Use the information you learned about a steward in these two parables to explain stewardship.

The closest concept to stewardship we have in our society is holding and exercising the power of attorney for someone else. We manage the affairs of another as though they were our own. We pay their bills, use their money, and use their properties as if their things were our things. A steward acts in the best interest of his master. He demonstrates his dependability, sensibility, and trustworthiness by conscientiously caring for his master's affairs. He cares for his master's affairs with as much devotion in the master's absence as in the master's presence. The steward has enormous privileges and much power, but he abuses none of them.

Two New Testament Greek words are translated steward. One means "one who is entrusted with the care or the honor of another person" in the sense of a guardian or curator. This word is found in Matthew 20:8 and Luke 8:3. The other means "one entrusted with a responsibility of the household" in the sense of a manager or superintendent. This word appears several times in the New Testament. Both words are similar in significance.

God appointed Jesus Lord and Christ at the resurrection. Jesus is the Master of all who surrender their lives to him. Christians are servants. Everything belongs to the Lord Jesus Christ. He was God's agent of creation (John 1:1-3) and God's agent of our spiritual recreation (Ephesians 2:10; 4:20-24). As servants committed to God's purposes, Christians seek to serve as responsible stewards. We use everything under our control in God's best interests. We demonstrate our trustworthiness in the manner we use material things for God's glory and purposes. If we find it difficult to use the physical and material responsibly for God's benefit, why should God entrust us with the spiritual?

A major spiritual crisis occurs if we, the servants, regard ourselves as being the owner, the master. The reality of death forever reminds Christians that we use, we do not own. We use to serve and honor the Creator, not to serve and honor ourselves. Read 1 Peter 4:10.

In the American culture it is difficult for Americans to view themselves as stewards. The typical American perspective seems to be, "I am the owner."


Link to Student Guide Quarter 4, Lesson 3

Copyright © 2000
David Chadwell & West-Ark Church of Christ

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